Starting materials: PbBr2 (synthesized), HBr (48% aqueous), CsBr, ethanol (EtOH)
Product: Orange transparent crystals
Description: PbBr2 (7.31 g, 20 mmol) was dissolved in 30 mL HBr solution, and CsBr (4.26 mg, 20 mmol) was dissolved in 10 ml of H2O. Both of these solutions were mixed at room temperature. The obtained orange powder (CsPbBr3) was filtered, washed with EtOH, and dried under a vacuum. 6 g of CsPbBr3 powder was finely ground and loaded in a silica tube. Following this Bridgman method was applied to grow the crystals in a 3-zone vertical tube furnace.
Comment: Details of the crystal growth can be found in the SI of the article.
Method: Photoluminescence
Description: Low temperature PL measurements were performed on polished, etched samples. Excitation source was He-Cd (325 nm) or N2 (337nm) laser. Spectrum was analyzed with 0.75-m SPEX grating monochromator. Signal was detected with R928 Hamamatsu photomultiplier tube (PMT) and phase sensitive detection lock-in system.
Method: Photoluminescence
Description: Low temperature PL measurements were performed on polished, etched samples. Excitation source was He-Cd (325 nm) or N2 (337nm) laser. Spectrum was analyzed with 0.75-m SPEX grating monochromator. Signal was detected with R928 Hamamatsu photomultiplier tube (PMT) and phase sensitive detection lock-in system.
Starting materials: CsBr, PbBr2, DMSO
Product: CsPbBr3
Description: The hybrid perovskite CsPbBr3 was prepared from a mixture of CsBr and PbBr2 that was dissolved in a DMSO solvent. The thin films of CsPbBr3 were produced at room temperature via spin-coating and with the addition of chlorobenzene to the mixture.
Method: Luminance of devices
Description: CsPbBr3 thin-film LED samples were displayed to observe the luminance by measuring the wavelength density power emitted by the light source.
Starting materials: CsBr, PbBr2, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO
Product: CsPbBr3 thin film
Description: A precursor solution, (0.5 M), was made by mixing CsBr (Sigma Aldrich, 0.21 grams), PbBr2 (Sigma Aldrich, 0.37 grams), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (2 mL). This solution was then spin cast at 3000 RPM on cleaned glass for 60 seconds. It was then annealed at 106 °C for 20 minutes. The resulting film of CsPbBr3 was about 100 nm thick.
Method: Photoluminescence measurement at T = 100 K
Description: The CsPbBr3 thin film is excited at 447 nm with power at 0.5 mW and the intensity of each photon energy emission is measured. This test was performed at temperature T = 100 K.
Starting materials: CsBr, PbBr2, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO
Product: CsPbBr3 thin film
Description: A precursor solution, (0.5 M), was made by mixing CsBr (Sigma Aldrich, 0.21 grams), PbBr2 (Sigma Aldrich, 0.37 grams), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (2 mL). This solution was then spin cast at 3000 RPM on cleaned glass for 60 seconds. It was then annealed at 106 °C for 20 minutes. The resulting film of CsPbBr3 was about 100 nm thick.
Method: Photoluminescence measurement at T = 50 K
Description: The CsPbBr3 thin film is excited at 447 nm with power at 0.5 mW and the intensity of each photon energy emission is measured. This test was performed at temperature of 50 K.
Starting materials: CsBr, PbBr2, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO
Product: CsPbBr3 thin film
Description: A precursor solution, (0.5 M), was made by mixing CsBr (Sigma Aldrich, 0.21 grams), PbBr2 (Sigma Aldrich, 0.37 grams), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (2 mL). This solution was then spin cast at 3000 RPM on cleaned glass for 60 seconds. It was then annealed at 106 °C for 20 minutes. The resulting film of CsPbBr3 was about 100 nm thick.
Method: Photoluminescence measurement at T = 10 K
Description: The CsPbBr3 thin film is excited at 447 nm with power at 0.5 mW and the intensity of each photon energy emission is measured. This test was performed at temperature T = 10 K.