Tris(isopropylammonium) tin iodide

Chemical Formula: [(CH3)2CHNH3]3SnI5
IUPAC: tris(isopropylaminium) tin iodide
Alternate Names: (IPA)3SnI5, tris(isopropylaminium) pentaiodostannate(II)
Organic: C3NH10
Inorganic: SnI5, Tin iodide
Dimensionality: 1D
Formal Stoichiometry: C : 9 , H : 30 , N : 3 , Sn : 1 , I : 5
Atomic structure Verified

See all entries for this property (2 total)

thermodynamic phase
Origin: experimental (T = 293.0 K)
Space group: P 2₁ 2₁ 2₁
Lattice parameters

Crystal system: orthorhombic

a:9.0068 (±0.0004) Å
b:12.4329 (±0.0008) Å
c:22.4324 (±0.001) Å
α:90°
β:90°
γ:90°
Fixed parameters:
  • temperature = 293.0 K
C. C. Stoumpos, L. Mao, C. D. Malliakas, and M. G. Kanatzidis, Structure−Band Gap Relationships in Hexagonal Polytypes and Low- Dimensional Structures of Hybrid Tin Iodide Perovskites, Inorganic Chemistry 56, 56‑73 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02764.
System description
Dimensionality: 1D
Sample type: single crystal

Starting materials: distilled HI (aqueous 99.95%), H3PO2 (50% aqueous), SnI2 (synthesized from Sn granules, and I2 (99.8%)),(CH3)2CHNH3I (synthesized from (CH3)2C(H)NH2 (99.5%) and HI)

Product: yellow rectangular needles

Description: Two-necked flask was charged with aqueous HI (6.8 mL, 7.58 M) and aqueous H3PO2 (1.7 mL, 9.14 M). Nitrogen was passed through the liquid to degass the solution. SnI2 (372 mg, 1 mmol) was dissolved in solution, and flask was heated to boiling (~130 ºC) via an oil bath. A bright yellow solution formed under magnetic stirring. Solid (CH3)2CHNH3I (561 mg, 3 mmol) was added to the solution, and the solution was heated to 120º C. Stirring stopped, and the solution cool dot room temperature. Crystals precipitated for 24 hours.

Method: Single crystal X-ray diffraction

Description: SC-XRD was performed with a STOE IPDS II or IPDS 2T diffractometer with Mo Kα radiation (λ = 0.71073 Å), operating at 50 kV and 40 mA. Integration/numerical absorption corrections were executed with X-AREA, X-RED, and X-SHAPE programs.

C. C. Stoumpos, L. Mao, C. D. Malliakas, and M. G. Kanatzidis, Structure−Band Gap Relationships in Hexagonal Polytypes and Low- Dimensional Structures of Hybrid Tin Iodide Perovskites, Inorganic Chemistry 56, 56‑73 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02764.

Extraction method: Manually extracted from a publication
Entry added on: July 13, 2020, 3:18 a.m.
Entry added by: Rebecca Lau Duke University
Last updated on: Aug. 3, 2022, 7:47 a.m.
Last updated by: Rayan C Duke University
Data correctness verified by:
  • Rayan C Duke University

Download data
Data set ID: 1305 Did you find any mistakes or inconsistencies about this data? Send us a note and we'll have a look at it and send you a reply. Thanks!

 

Atomic coordinates


Atomic structure Verified

See all entries for this property (2 total)

metastable phase
Origin: experimental (T = 120.0 K)
Space group: P 4₂ c m
Lattice parameters

Crystal system: tetragonal

a:8.9525 (±0.0003) Å
b:8.9525 (±0.0003) Å
c:36.5514 (±0.0015) Å
α:90°
β:90°
γ:90°
Fixed parameters:
  • temperature = 120.0 K
C. C. Stoumpos, L. Mao, C. D. Malliakas, and M. G. Kanatzidis, Structure−Band Gap Relationships in Hexagonal Polytypes and Low- Dimensional Structures of Hybrid Tin Iodide Perovskites, Inorganic Chemistry 56, 56‑73 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02764.
System description
Dimensionality: 1D
Sample type: single crystal

Starting materials: distilled HI (aqueous 99.95%), H3PO2 (50% aqueous), SnI2 (synthesized from Sn granules, and I2 (99.8%)),(CH3)2CHNH3I (synthesized from (CH3)2C(H)NH2 (99.5%) and HI)

Product: Red crystals

Description: Two-necked flask was charged with aqueous HI (6.8 mL, 7.58 M) and aqueous H3PO2 (1.7 mL, 9.14 M). Nitrogen was passed through the liquid to degass the solution. SnI2 (1116 mg, 3 mmol) was dissolved in solution, and flask was heated to boiling (~130 ºC) via an oil bath. A bright yellow solution formed under magnetic stirring. Solid (CH3)2CHNH3I (1683 mg, 9 mmol) was added to the solution, and a pale-yellow precipitate formed within 5 minutes. The temperature was raised to 200º C, and the precipitate turned red. The solution was cooled and precipitate changed back to yellow.

Method: Single crystal X-ray diffraction

Description: SC-XRD was performed with a STOE IPDS II or IPDS 2T diffractometer with Mo Kα radiation (λ = 0.71073 Å), operating at 50 kV and 40 mA. Integration/numerical absorption corrections were executed with X-AREA, X-RED, and X-SHAPE programs.

C. C. Stoumpos, L. Mao, C. D. Malliakas, and M. G. Kanatzidis, Structure−Band Gap Relationships in Hexagonal Polytypes and Low- Dimensional Structures of Hybrid Tin Iodide Perovskites, Inorganic Chemistry 56, 56‑73 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02764.

Extraction method: Manually extracted from a publication
Entry added on: July 13, 2020, 3:36 a.m.
Entry added by: Rebecca Lau Duke University
Last updated on: Aug. 3, 2022, 7:47 a.m.
Last updated by: Rayan C Duke University
Data correctness verified by:
  • Rayan C Duke University

Download data
Data set ID: 1309 Did you find any mistakes or inconsistencies about this data? Send us a note and we'll have a look at it and send you a reply. Thanks!

 

Atomic coordinates


Band gap (optical, diffuse reflectance) Verified

See all entries for this property (2 total)

thermodynamic phase
Origin: experimental (T = 298.0 K)
Space group: P 2₁ 2₁ 2₁
Band gap (optical, diffuse reflectance)

Crystal system: orthorhombic

Band gap (optical, diffuse reflectance), eV
Fixed parameters:
  • temperature = 298.0 K
C. C. Stoumpos, L. Mao, C. D. Malliakas, and M. G. Kanatzidis, Structure−Band Gap Relationships in Hexagonal Polytypes and Low- Dimensional Structures of Hybrid Tin Iodide Perovskites, Inorganic Chemistry 56, 56‑73 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02764.
System description
Dimensionality: 1D
Sample type: bulk polycrystalline

Starting materials: distilled HI (aqueous 99.95%), H3PO2 (50% aqueous), SnI2 (synthesized from Sn granules, and I2 (99.8%)),(CH3)2CHNH3I (synthesized from (CH3)2C(H)NH2 (99.5%) and HI)

Product: yellow rectangular needles

Description: Two-necked flask was charged with aqueous HI (6.8 mL, 7.58 M) and aqueous H3PO2 (1.7 mL, 9.14 M). Nitrogen was passed through the liquid to degass the solution. SnI2 (372 mg, 1 mmol) was dissolved in solution, and flask was heated to boiling (~130 ºC) via an oil bath. A bright yellow solution formed under magnetic stirring. Solid (CH3)2CHNH3I (561 mg, 3 mmol) was added to the solution, and the solution was heated to 120º C. Stirring stopped, and the solution cool dot room temperature. Crystals precipitated for 24 hours.

Method: UV-vis absorption (diffuse reflectance)

Description: Diffuse-reflectance measurements were performed and collected at room temperature. A Shimadzu UV-3600 PC double-beam and double monochromator spectrophotometer (operating between 200 to 2500 nm) was used.BaSO4 was used as a nonabsorbing reflectance reference. Generated reflectance v. wavelength data was used to estimate the band gap. The Kubelka-Munk equation α/S = (1-R)^{2}/(2R) was used.

C. C. Stoumpos, L. Mao, C. D. Malliakas, and M. G. Kanatzidis, Structure−Band Gap Relationships in Hexagonal Polytypes and Low- Dimensional Structures of Hybrid Tin Iodide Perovskites, Inorganic Chemistry 56, 56‑73 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02764.

Extraction method: Manually extracted from a publication
Entry added on: July 13, 2020, 3:19 a.m.
Entry added by: Rebecca Lau Duke University
Last updated on: Aug. 3, 2022, 12:06 p.m.
Last updated by: Rayan C Duke University
Data correctness verified by:
  • Rayan C Duke University

Download data
Data set ID: 1306 Did you find any mistakes or inconsistencies about this data? Send us a note and we'll have a look at it and send you a reply. Thanks!

Absorption spectrum Verified

See all entries for this property (2 total)

thermodynamic phase
Origin: experimental (T = 298.0 K)
Space group: P 2₁ 2₁ 2₁
C. C. Stoumpos, L. Mao, C. D. Malliakas, and M. G. Kanatzidis, Structure−Band Gap Relationships in Hexagonal Polytypes and Low- Dimensional Structures of Hybrid Tin Iodide Perovskites, Inorganic Chemistry 56, 56‑73 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02764.
System description
Dimensionality: 1D
Sample type: bulk polycrystalline

Starting materials: distilled HI (aqueous 99.95%), H3PO2 (50% aqueous), SnI2 (synthesized from Sn granules, and I2 (99.8%)),(CH3)2CHNH3I (synthesized from (CH3)2C(H)NH2 (99.5%) and HI)

Product: yellow rectangular needles

Description: Two-necked flask was charged with aqueous HI (6.8 mL, 7.58 M) and aqueous H3PO2 (1.7 mL, 9.14 M). Nitrogen was passed through the liquid to degass the solution. SnI2 (372 mg, 1 mmol) was dissolved in solution, and flask was heated to boiling (~130 ºC) via an oil bath. A bright yellow solution formed under magnetic stirring. Solid (CH3)2CHNH3I (561 mg, 3 mmol) was added to the solution, and the solution was heated to 120º C. Stirring stopped, and the solution cool dot room temperature. Crystals precipitated for 24 hours.

Method: UV-vis absorption (diffuse reflectance)

Description: Diffuse-reflectance measurements were performed and collected at room temperature. A Shimadzu UV-3600 PC double-beam and double monochromator spectrophotometer (operating between 200 to 2500 nm) was used.BaSO4 was used as a nonabsorbing reflectance reference.

C. C. Stoumpos, L. Mao, C. D. Malliakas, and M. G. Kanatzidis, Structure−Band Gap Relationships in Hexagonal Polytypes and Low- Dimensional Structures of Hybrid Tin Iodide Perovskites, Inorganic Chemistry 56, 56‑73 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02764.

Extraction method: Engauge Digitizer
Entry added on: July 13, 2020, 3:30 a.m.
Entry added by: Rebecca Lau Duke University
Last updated on: Aug. 3, 2022, 12:06 p.m.
Last updated by: Rayan C Duke University
Data correctness verified by:
  • Rayan C Duke University

Download data
Data set ID: 1308 Did you find any mistakes or inconsistencies about this data? Send us a note and we'll have a look at it and send you a reply. Thanks!


License

All data is available under the Creative Commons license with attribution clause, described here and, in its full text, here.