Crystal system: hexagonal
| Photoluminescence peak position, Å |
|---|
Starting materials: Lead (II) acetate trihydrate (Pb(ac) 2·3H2O, 99%), fomamidine acetate salt (FAac, 99%), lead iodide (PbI2 , 99.999%), hydriodic acid (HI) (57% w/w aq. soln., stabilized with H3PO2), and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich
Product: FAPbI3 Single-crystal 5 mm yellow
Description: Synthesis of Seed Crystal of FAPbI3: Dissolve 2.5 g Pb(ac)2 ·3H2O in 15 mL of HI in a 100 mL flask in a 105 °C oil bath. Add 1.5 mL HI solution and 0.7 g of FAac to the mixed acid solution. Decrease the temperature of the mixed solution to 70 °C; maintain temperature for 6 h for the precipitation of seed crystal FAPbI3 (≈1 mm in size). Wash crystals with diethyl ether and dry in vacuum. Synthesis of Single Crystal FAPbI3: Dissolve 1.0 M solution containing PbI2 and FAI (1:1) was in GBL at 60 °C overnight. Filter the solution using PTFE filter with 0.2 µm pore size. Place seed crystals into this GBL solution in oil bath ≈100–105 °C for 3 h to grow larger crystals. Replace with fresh precursor to obtain an even larger crystal. Repeat this process three times to obtain a large single crystal FAPbI3 in alpha phase. The crystals turn to the yellow delta-phase in 10 days. Refer to Page 2257 Experimental section.
Method: Photoluminescence
Description: NKT SuperK Extreme laser with an excitation of 475 nm and New Focus Si fW detector. Refer to SI Figure S5.
Crystal system: trigonal
| Photoluminescence peak position, nm |
|---|
Starting materials: Lead (II) acetate trihydrate (Pb(ac) 2·3H2O, 99%), fomamidine acetate salt (FAac, 99%), lead iodide (PbI2 , 99.999%), hydriodic acid (HI) (57% w/w aq. soln., stabilized with H3PO2), and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich
Product: FAPbI3 Single-crystal 5 mm black
Description: Synthesis of Seed Crystal of FAPbI3: Dissolve 2.5 g Pb(ac)2 ·3H2O in 15 mL of HI in a 100 mL flask in a 105 °C oil bath. Add 1.5 mL HI solution and 0.7 g of FAac to the mixed acid solution. Decrease the temperature of the mixed solution to 70 °C; maintain temperature for 6 h for the precipitation of seed crystal FAPbI3 (≈1 mm in size). Wash crystals with diethyl ether and dry in vacuum. Synthesis of Single Crystal FAPbI3: Dissolve 1.0 M solution containing PbI2 and FAI (1:1) was in GBL at 60 °C overnight. Filter the solution using PTFE filter with 0.2 µm pore size. Place seed crystals into this GBL solution in oil bath ≈100–105 °C for 3 h to grow larger crystals. Replace with fresh precursor to obtain an even larger crystal. Repeat this process three times to obtain a large single crystal FAPbI3 in alpha phase.
Method: Photoluminescence
Description: Horiba Jobin Yvon system. Refer to Page 2255 paragraph 1, Figure 2.
Crystal system: unknown
| Photoluminescence peak position, nm |
|---|
Starting materials: Lead iodide (PbI2 , 99.999%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, formamidinium iodide (FAI) was purchased from Dyesol Limited (Australia), dimethylformamide, ITO
Product: FAPbI3 Thin film on ITO
Description: Dissolve 450 mg of PbI2 in 1 mL dimethylformamide and spincoat on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) substrates at 2500 rpm for 30 s. Spincoat FAI (dissolved in 2-propanol) on top of dried PbI2 at room temperature at 3000 rpm for 30 s in dry air. Anneal films in air at 150 °C for desired time.
Method: Photoluminescence
Description: [ASSUMED] Horiba Jobin Yvon system. Refer to SI Figure S3.