Starting materials: SnCl2·2H2O, HI, H3PO2, histamine dihydrochloride

Product: Black plate-like crystals

Description: SnCl2·2H2O was dissolved in a solution with HI and H3PO2 and heated while stirring for 20 minutes at 120 degrees Celsius. The solution became bright yellow. Histamine dihydrochloride was then dissolved into another HI solution and also heated (1:1 molar ratio to Sn). Then the latter solution was carefully layered on top of the PbI2 solution and dark orange crystals precipitated upon cooling.

Method: Diffuse Reflectance Spectra

Description: A Shimadzu UV-3600 UV-vis NIR spectrometer was used to measure optical diffuse reflectance at room temperature. BaSO4 was used as the 100% reflectance reference. Reflectance vs wavelength was used to get the absorption spectrum via the Kubelka-Munk equation, which was then used to extrapolate the optical band gaps.

L. Mao, H. Tsai, W. Nie, L. Ma, J. Im, C. C. Stoumpos, C. D. Malliakas, F. Hao, M. R. Wasielewski, A. D. Mohite, and M. G. Kanatzidis, Role of Organic Counterion in Lead- and Tin-Based Two-Dimensional Semiconducting Iodide Perovskites and Application in Planar Solar Cells, Chemistry of Materials 28, 7781‑7792 (2016). doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b03054.

Extraction method: Manually extracted from a publication
Entry added on: June 29, 2020, 10:08 p.m.
Entry added by: Andrew Levin NREL
Last updated on: June 12, 2022, 6:02 p.m.
Last updated by: Rayan C Duke University
Data correctness verified by:

• Rayan C Duke University