See all entries for this property (3 total)
Crystal system: orthorhombic
| a: | 8.9315 (±0.0007) Å |
| b: | 26.023 (±0.003) Å |
| c: | 8.4082 (±0.0007) Å |
| α: | 90° |
| β: | 90° |
| γ: | 90° |
Starting materials: HI, H3PO2, Ethanol, SnI2, butylammonium iodide (BAI)
Product: dark purple plate-like crystals
Description: In an inert atmosphere, stoichiometric quantities of BAI and SnI2 were added to HI. The solution was heated to 75°C to dissolve the solids and subsequently cooled to 5 °C at a rate of 1.5 °C/hour.
Method: Single-crystal X-ray diffraction
Description: Data were recorded using a Rigaku R-AXIS rapid imaging plate diffractometer with graphite-monochromated Mo Kα radiation (λ = 0.71069 Å).
Crystal system: orthorhombic
| Photoluminescence peak position, nm |
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Starting materials: SnI2, HI, C4H9NH2
Product: Dark red sheetlike crystals
Description: Grow the crystals under slowly-cooled aqueous hydriodic acid solutions. Perform all synthetic steps and crystal manipulations after synthesis in an inert atmosphere to prevent oxidation. Dissolve 0.481 g (1.29 mmol) of SnI2 in 2 mL of concentrated (57 wt %) aqueous HI solvent under flowing argon at 90 °C. In a separate tube, dissolve 2.58 mmol of (C4H9NH2).HI in 3 mL of concentrated HI solution and add to the metal halide solution. Ramp the solution temperature at 2 °C/h from 90 to -10 °C, filter the crystals formed under argon or nitrogen and dry in argon at 80 °C.
Method: Photoluminescence
Description: Collect the photoluminescence spectra within several hours after the crystals were synthesized, and maintain the samples in an argon-filled cell during measurement to prevent degradation. The photoluminescence spectra were excited by 457.9 nm (2.71 eV) light from an argon ion laser. This light was strongly absorbed by each sample, ensuring that the observed luminescence came from the front side of the samples. The excitation density was below 1 W cm-2. Refer to Page 794 for details.
Crystal system: orthorhombic
| Band gap (fundamental), eV |
|---|
Code: CAESER Software Suite
Level of theory: Semiempirical model: Extended Huckel Method
Comment: The atomic parameters for Sn and I determined by the X-ray structure analyses were used.
Starting materials: HI, H3PO2, anhydrous ethanol, SnI2, organic cation iodide salt
Product: Single crystals
Description: Stoichiometric ratios of purified SnI2 and the organic cation iodide salt were added to either an HI or ethanol solution in an inert atmosphere. The solids were fully dissolved by raising the ethanol solutions to 65 degrees Celsius and the HI solutions to 75 degrees. The solutions were then cooled at the rate of 1.5 degrees per hour until 5 degrees was reached, over which time crystals precipitated.
Method: Four-probe DC conductivity
Description: The standard four-probe method was used to measure the DC conductivity. Carbon paste was applied over the sample to mount two gold wires on either end of the sample as the current source. The two remaining wires, the voltage probes, were attached to the surface also via the carbon paste. The sample was kept in vacuum over the duration of the experiments, over the temperature range 5 to 300 K.
See all entries for this property (2 total)
Starting materials: BAI, SnI2, HI, H3PO2
Product: Single crystals of 2D tin halide perovskites. Thin flakes were then exfoliated from the single crystals.
Description: Single crystals synthesized by slow cooling method. Growth solution prepared with 0.45mmol BAI, 0.40mmol SnI2, 1mL HI, and 0.1mL H3PO2 in a sealed glass vial and placed in a muffle furnace and heated until completely dissolved. Solution cooled to room temperature at a rate of 2°C/hour. Crystals were then dried and stored in a nitrogen glove box.
Method: Photoluminescence spectroscopy
Description: Samples excited with mercury fluorescence light source (C-LHGFI HG LAMP). The flourescence filter cube contains a bandpass filter from 330-385 nm for excitation, a dichroic mirror with a cutoff wavelength of 400nm for light splitting, and a long pass filter of 410nm for emission. PL spectra were collected by Princeton Instruments spectrometer (HRS-300S).
Starting materials: BAI, SnI2, HI, H3PO2
Product: Single crystals of 2D tin halide perovskites
Description: Single crystals synthesized by slow cooling method. Growth solution prepared with 0.45mmol BAI, 0.40mmol SnI2, 1mL HI, and 0.1mL H3PO2 in a sealed glass vial and placed in a muffle furnace and heated until completely dissolved. Solution cooled to room temperature at a rate of 2°C/hour. Crystals were then dried and stored in a nitrogen glove box.
Method: UV-Vis absorption
Description: UV-vis absorption spectra collected by CRAIC 20/30PV Pro instrument. Transmission (T) and reflection (R) spectra collected at the same location. abs. = -log[T/(1-R)] used to transform relationship between absorption spectrum and wavelength.
Starting materials: BAI, SnI2, HI, H3PO2
Product: Single crystals of 2D tin halide perovskites. Thin flakes were then exfoliated from the single crystals.
Description: Single crystals synthesized by slow cooling method. Growth solution prepared with 0.45mmol BAI, 0.40mmol SnI2, 1mL HI, and 0.1mL H3PO2 in a sealed glass vial and placed in a muffle furnace and heated until completely dissolved. Solution cooled to room temperature at a rate of 2°C/hour. Crystals were then dried and stored in a nitrogen glove box.
Method: Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD)
Description: Phase purity of as synthesized BA2MA(n-1)Sn(n)I(3n+1) crystals were confirmed by PXRD. No impurity signals observed. PXRD performed by Bruker D8 Advance instrument scanning at 0.02° per step with a copper target. All single crystals were analyzed using a Bruker AXS D8 Venture diffractometer with a high-intensity diamond Cu/Mo hybrid dual-microfocal x-ray tube. All data collecting and processing was completed using APEX4 software. Full matrix least squares against F2 method was used for further refinement of structures.
Crystal system: unknown
| Exciton binding energy, meV |
|---|
Starting materials: BAI, SnI2, HI, H3PO2
Product: Single crystals of 2D tin halide perovskites. Thin flakes were then exfoliated from the single crystals.
Description: Single crystals synthesized by slow cooling method. Growth solution prepared with 0.45mmol BAI, 0.40mmol SnI2, 1mL HI, and 0.1mL H3PO2 in a sealed glass vial and placed in a muffle furnace and heated until completely dissolved. Solution cooled to room temperature at a rate of 2°C/hour. Crystals were then dried and stored in a nitrogen glove box.
Method: Arrhenius formula fitting
Description: Temperature dependent PL measurements were conducted by combining a Linkam THMS600 stage with the Witec system. Air was purged from stage chamber with dry nitrogen to remove water and oxygen. Cooling rate set to 20 degrees Celsius/min. 50x objective lens used for signal collecting. Exciton binding energies extracted from Arrhenius formula fitting from the integrated PL intensity.