Crystal system: monoclinic
| a: | 40.685 (±0.004) Å |
| b: | 6.0804 (±0.0006) Å |
| c: | 12.1633 (±0.0012) Å |
| α: | 90° |
| β: | 93.136° |
| γ: | 90° |
Starting materials: Methanol, hexafluorobenzene, (PEA)2SnI4
Product: Red plate-like crystals
Description: Crystals of (PEA)2SnI4 intercalated with hexafluorobenzene were prepared by mixing the base layered perovskite with methanol. Then an excess of hexafluorobenzene was added to the solution and the solution was stirred until it became homogenous and yellow. Then it sat in an inert atmosphere for a few days and red, plate-like crystals of the system formed.
Method: Single-crystal X-ray diffraction
Description: Data was collected with the Bruker SMART CCD diffractometer using 2.4 kW tube X-ray source (Mo Kα radiation).
See all entries for this property (2 total)
Starting materials: Methanol, hexafluorobenzene, (PEA)2SnI4
Product: Thin film on quartz substrate
Description: Films of the intercalated layered perovskites were prepared by immersing the uninteracalated films in a benzene or hexafluorobenzene solution at room temperature for an hour. The films were encapsulated by thin polycarbonate sheet while still wet from their immersion. The encapsulation effectively laminates the hybrid film and provided a partial diffusion barrier for the intercalated species. XRD and optical measurements can be made through the polycarbonate sheet cover.
Method: UV-vis Absorption
Description: Absorption spectra were measured with a Hewlett-Packard UV-vis 8543 spectrophotometer at room temperature on the quartz thin-film samples.
Crystal system: monoclinic
| Absorption peak position, nm |
|---|
Starting materials: Methanol, hexafluorobenzene, (PEA)2SnI4
Product: Thin film on quartz substrate
Description: Films of the intercalated layered perovskites were prepared by immersing the uninteracalated films in a benzene or hexafluorobenzene solution at room temperature for an hour. The films were encapsulated by thin polycarbonate sheet while still wet from their immersion. The encapsulation effectively laminates the hybrid film and provided a partial diffusion barrier for the intercalated species. XRD and optical measurements can be made through the polycarbonate sheet cover.
Method: UV-vis Absorption
Description: Absorption spectra were measured with a Hewlett-Packard UV-vis 8543 spectrophotometer at room temperature on the quartz thin-film samples.
Comment: Exciton peak is noted here. (2.08 eV)
Starting materials: Methanol, hexafluorobenzene, (PEA)2SnI4
Product: Red plate-like crystals
Description: Crystals of (PEA)2SnI4 intercalated with hexafluorobenzene were prepared by mixing the base layered perovskite with methanol. Then an excess of hexafluorobenzene was added to the solution and the solution was stirred until it became homogenous and yellow. Then it sat in an inert atmosphere for a few days and red, plate-like crystals of the system formed.
Method: Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
Description: TGA was performed with a TA Instruments TGA-2950 on the crystals that were isothermally purged in a nitrogen atmosphere at ambient temperature for 20 minutes. The temperature was then increased at a constant rate of 5 degress Celsius per minute up to 600 degrees.
Starting materials: Methanol, hexafluorobenzene, (PEA)2SnI4
Product: Red plate-like crystals
Description: Crystals of (PEA)2SnI4 intercalated with hexafluorobenzene were prepared by mixing the base layered perovskite with methanol. Then an excess of hexafluorobenzene was added to the solution and the solution was stirred until it became homogenous and yellow. Then it sat in an inert atmosphere for a few days and red, plate-like crystals of the system formed.
Method: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
Description: DSC was performed with a TA Instruments MDSC-2920. A heating rate of 5 degrees per minute weas used and the temperature scale was calibrated using the indium melting transition. This is power-compensated DSC where the heating rate and power supply is constant.
See all entries for this property (3 total)
Starting materials: HI, SnI2, phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI), toluene
Product: Thin film on quartz substrate
Description: Crystals were grown by slowly cooling a solution of HI and PEAI and SnI2. SnI2 was added first, then the organic salt, and then HI. The solution was mixed and heated to 94 degrees Celsius to completely dissolve SnI2. The solution was then cooled at 3 degrees per hour until 0 degrees was reached, resulting in the formation of red crystals. The crystals were filtered in an inert atmosphere and also rectrystallized twice from a solution of methanol and toluene. To produce films of the unintercalated systems, the recrystallized perovskites were dissolved in distilled methanol. Previously cleaned and prepared quartz substrates were used and the solution was spin coated onto them. The spinning cycle was 1 s ramp up to 1800 rpm, and then 30 s at 1800 rpm. Then the samples were annealed at 70 degrees Celsius for 15 minutes to remove any residual solvent.
Method: UV-vis absorption
Description: Absorption spectra were measured with a Hewlett-Packard UV-vis 8543 spectrophotometer at room temperature on the quartz thin-film samples.
Crystal system: monoclinic
| Absorption peak position, nm |
|---|
Starting materials: HI, SnI2, phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI), toluene
Product: Thin film on quartz substrate
Description: Crystals were grown by slowly cooling a solution of HI and PEAI and SnI2. SnI2 was added first, then the organic salt, and then HI. The solution was mixed and heated to 94 degrees Celsius to completely dissolve SnI2. The solution was then cooled at 3 degrees per hour until 0 degrees was reached, resulting in the formation of red crystals. The crystals were filtered in an inert atmosphere and also rectrystallized twice from a solution of methanol and toluene. To produce films of the unintercalated systems, the recrystallized perovskites were dissolved in distilled methanol. Previously cleaned and prepared quartz substrates were used and the solution was spin coated onto them. The spinning cycle was 1 s ramp up to 1800 rpm, and then 30 s at 1800 rpm. Then the samples were annealed at 70 degrees Celsius for 15 minutes to remove any residual solvent.
Method: UV-vis absorption
Description: Absorption spectra were measured with a Hewlett-Packard UV-vis 8543 spectrophotometer at room temperature on the quartz thin-film samples.
Comment: Exciton peak is noted here. (2.04 eV)
Starting materials: HI, SnI2, phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI), toluene
Product: Red plate-like crystals
Description: Crystals were grown by slowly cooling a solution of HI and PEAI and SnI2. SnI2 was added first, then the organic salt, and then HI. The solution was mixed and heated to 94 degrees Celsius to completely dissolve SnI2. The solution was then cooled at 3 degrees per hour until 0 degrees was reached, resulting in the formation of red crystals. The crystals were filtered in an inert atmosphere and recrystallized twice from a solution of methanol and toluene.
Method: Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
Description: TGA was performed with a TA Instruments TGA-2950 on the crystals that were isothermally purged in a nitrogen atmosphere at ambient temperature for 20 minutes. The temperature was then increased at a constant rate of 5 degress Celsius per minute up to 600 degrees.
Starting materials: HI, SnI2, phenylethylammonium iodide (PEAI), toluene
Product: Red plate-like crystals
Description: Crystals were grown by slowly cooling a solution of HI and PEAI and SnI2. SnI2 was added first, then the organic salt, and then HI. The solution was mixed and heated to 94 degrees Celsius to completely dissolve SnI2. The solution was then cooled at 3 degrees per hour until 0 degrees was reached, resulting in the formation of red crystals. The crystals were filtered in an inert atmosphere and also rectrystallized twice from a solution of methanol and toluene.
Method: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
Description: DSC was performed with a TA Instruments MDSC-2920. A heating rate of 5 degrees per minute weas used and the temperature scale was calibrated using the indium melting transition. This is power-compensated DSC where the heating rate and power supply is constant.
Crystal system: monoclinic
| a: | 41.089 (±0.012) Å |
| b: | 6.1342 (±0.0017) Å |
| c: | 12.245 (±0.003) Å |
| α: | 90° |
| β: | 94.021° |
| γ: | 90° |
Starting materials: Methanol, benzene, (C6F5C2H4NH3)2SnI4
Product: Red plate-like crystals
Description: Crystals of (2,3,4,5,6-FPEA)2SnI4 intercalated with benzene were prepared by mixing the base layered perovskite with methanol. Then an excess of benzene was added to the solution and the solution was stirred until it became homogenous and yellow. Then it sat in an inert atmosphere for a few days and red, plate-like crystals of the system formed.
Method: Single-crystal X-ray diffraction
Description: Data was collected with the Bruker SMART CCD diffractometer using 2.4 kW tube X-ray source (Mo Kα radiation).
Starting materials: Methanol, benzene, (C6F5C2H4NH3)2SnI4
Product: Red plate-like crystals
Description: Crystals of (2,3,4,5,6-FPEA)2SnI4 intercalated with benzene were prepared by mixing the base layered perovskite with methanol. Then an excess of benzene was added to the solution and the solution was stirred until it became homogenous and yellow. Then it sat in an inert atmosphere for a few days and red, plate-like crystals of the system formed.
Method: Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
Description: TGA was performed with a TA Instruments TGA-2950 on the crystals that were isothermally purged in a nitrogen atmosphere at ambient temperature for 20 minutes. The temperature was then increased at a constant rate of 5 degress Celsius per minute up to 600 degrees.
Starting materials: Methanol, benzene, (C6F5C2H4NH3)2SnI4
Product: Red plate-like crystals
Description: Crystals of (2,3,4,5,6-FPEA)2SnI4 intercalated with benzene were prepared by mixing the base layered perovskite with methanol. Then an excess of benzene was added to the solution and the solution was stirred until it became homogenous and yellow. Then it sat in an inert atmosphere for a few days and red, plate-like crystals of the system formed.
Method: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
Description: DSC was performed with a TA Instruments MDSC-2920. A heating rate of 5 degrees per minute weas used and the temperature scale was calibrated using the indium melting transition. This is power-compensated DSC where the heating rate and power supply is constant.
Starting materials: HI, SnI2, C6F5C2H4NH3I, toluene
Product: Red plate-like crystals
Description: Crystals were grown by slowly cooling a solution of HI, C6F5C2H4NH3I, and SnI2. SnI2 was added first, then the organic salt, and then HI. The solution was mixed and heated to 94 degrees Celsius to completely dissolve SnI2. The solution was then cooled at 3 degrees per hour until 0 degrees was reached, resulting in the formation of red crystals. The crystals were filtered in an inert atmosphere and recrystallized twice from a solution of methanol and toluene.
Method: Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
Description: TGA was performed with a TA Instruments TGA-2950 on the crystals that were isothermally purged in a nitrogen atmosphere at ambient temperature for 20 minutes. The temperature was then increased at a constant rate of 5 degress Celsius per minute up to 600 degrees.
Starting materials: HI, SnI2, C6F5C2H4NH3I, toluene
Product: Red plate-like crystals
Description: Crystals were grown by slowly cooling a solution of HI, C6F5C2H4NH3I, and SnI2. SnI2 was added first, then the organic salt, and then HI. The solution was mixed and heated to 94 degrees Celsius to completely dissolve SnI2. The solution was then cooled at 3 degrees per hour until 0 degrees was reached, resulting in the formation of red crystals. The crystals were filtered in an inert atmosphere and recrystallized twice from a solution of methanol and toluene.
Method: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
Description: DSC was performed with a TA Instruments MDSC-2920. A heating rate of 5 degrees per minute weas used and the temperature scale was calibrated using the indium melting transition. This is power-compensated DSC where the heating rate and power supply is constant.